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The Early Scottish Kings (1034 - 1371)
Duncan I was the first king of the House of Dunkeld, named after his father's abbacy. The House of Dunkeld held sovereignty until 1290, when Queen Margaret, "the Maid of Norway", perished at sea. Her death led to a great contest for the throne, with thirteen "competitors" all contending for the crown. Edward I of England was asked to arbitrate, and he chose John Balliol, a lightweight whom he could easily manipulate to England's advantage. The Scots naturally resented Edward's interference in their government, and Balliol was obliged to abdicate in 1296. There followed the Second Interregnum, when Scotland was without a King from 1296 to 1306. Edward I was making strenuous efforts to bring Scotland under English rule during this period, until the emergence of Robert le Bruce, who declared himself King of Scotland in defiance of Edward in 1306, and who was destined to be one the finest of Scotland's rulers. Bruce's dynasty did not long survive him; when his son died in 1371, the throne passed to Bruce's grandson Robert II, son of Marjorie Bruce by Walter the Steward, who gave his name to the House of Stewart.
Duncan I "the Gracious" (1034-1040)
1st son of Crinan the Thane, Mormaer of Atholl, Abthane of Dule, Steward of the Western Isles and Lay Abbot of Dunkeld, by his wife Bethoc of Scotland, 1st and possibly only dau. of Malcolm II, King of Scotland
born
c. 1001
mar.
c. 1030 Sybilla of Northumbria, dau. of Siward Digera, Earl of Northumbria, by his wife Elfleda of Northumbria, dau. of Ealdred, Earl of Northumbria
children
1. Malcolm, later Malcolm III, King of Scotland
2. Donald, later Donald III, King of Scotland
3. Melmare (b. c. 1035), mar., and had issue:
1a. Madach, cr. Earl of Atholl before 1115 (d. c. 1152), mar. (1) Margaret, dau. of Haakon Paulsson, and (2) c. 1133 Margaret (mar. (2) Erland Ugni, Jarl of Orkney), dau. of Haco, Jarl of Orkney, and had issue by his first wife:
1b. Malcolm, 2nd Earl of Atholl (d. betw. 1186 and 1198), mar. (1) an unknown lady, and (2) his second cousin Hextilda of Tynedale, widow of Richard Comyn and dau. of Huctred of Tynedale by his wife the Princess Bethoc, only child of Donald III, King of Scotland, and had issue by his first wife:
1c. Henry, 3rd Earl of Atholl (dspms. bef. Jan 1210/1), mar., and had issue:
1d. Isabel, suo jure Countess of Atholl, mar. (1) Thomas of Galloway, jure uxoris Earl of Atholl (d. 1231), brother of Alan, Lord of Galloway, and (2) Alan de Lundin, and had issue by her first husband
2b. Harold, Jarl of Orkney and Earl of Caithness (d. 1206), mar. (1) Afrika, sister of Duncan, Earl of Fife, and (2) Gormlath of Ross, dau. of Malcolm MacHeth, 1st Earl of Ross, and had issue by his first wife:
1c. David, Jarl of Orkney and Earl of Caithness (d. 1214)
2c. John, Jarl of Orkney and Earl of Caithness (dspm. 1231)
died
14 Aug 1040
suc. by
cousin
note
King of Strathclyde 1018; suc. grandfather as King of Scotland 25 Nov 1034; probably murdered by Macbeth
son of Finlay MacRory, Mormaer of Moray, by his wife Donada, dau. of Kenneth II, King of Scotland
born
c. 1005
mar.
after 1032 Gruoch, the infamous "Lady Macbeth" of Shakespeare's play (widow of Gillacomgain, Mormaer of Moray), only dau. of Beodhe, 1st son of Kenneth III, King of Scotland
died
15 Aug 1057
suc. by
stepson
note
killed at the Battle of Lumphanan by the future Malcolm III, son of Duncan I
Lulach "the Simple" (1057-1058)
only child of Gillacomgain, Mormaer of Moray, by his wife Gruoch, only dau. of Beodhe, 1st son of Kenneth III, King of Scotland
born
c. 1030
mar.
Finnghuala, dau. of Sinill, Mormaer of Angus
children
1. Malsnechtai, Mormaer of Moray and later a monk (d. 1085)
1. a dau., mar. Aedh, Mormaer of Moray, and had issue
died
17 Mar 1058
suc. by
kinsman
note
killed at Essie in Strathbogie by his distant cousin and successor, Malcolm III
Malcolm III "Canmore" (1058-1093)
born
c. 1031
mar. (1)
c. 1059 Ingibiorg (widow of Thorfinn II, Earl of Caithness and Jarl of Orkney; d. bef. 1070), dau. of Finn Arnasson of Vrjar, Jarl of Halland, by his wife Bergljot, dau. of Halfdan Sigurdsson
children by first wife
1. Duncan, later Duncan II, King of Scotland
2. Malcolm (d. c. 1094)
3. Donald (d. 1085)
mar. (2)
c. 1069 St Margaret of England (b. c. 1045/6; d. 16 Nov 1093; canonised 1250), 1st dau. and eventual sole hrss. of Edward, Atheling of England (by his wife Agatha of Augsburg, dau. of Bruno, Bishop of Augsburg, brother of Emperor Henry III), 1st son and heir of Edmund II "Ironside", King of England
children by second wife
4. Edward (d. 16 Nov 1093)
5. Edmund, later Edmund, King of Scotland
6. Edgar, later Edgar, King of Scotland
7. Alexander, later Alexander I, King of Scotland
8. David, later David I, King of Scotland
9. Ethelred, Lay Abbot of Dunkeld (d. c. 1097)
1. Edith later Matilda (b. c. 1080; d. 1 May 1118), mar. 11 Nov 1100 as his first wife Henry I, King of England, and had issue
2. Mary (d. 31 May 1115), mar. c. 1101 Eustace III, Count of Boulogne, and had issue
died
13 Nov 1093
suc. by
brother
note
became King of Strathclyde and Prince of Cumbria 1034; suc. King Lulach as King of Scotland 17 Mar 1058
Donald III "Donaldbane" (1093-1094 and 1094-1097)
born
c. 1033
mar.
a lady about whom no information exists
only child
1. Bethoc, mar. Huctred of Tynedale, and had issue
died
1099
note
usurped the throne on the death of his brother Malcolm III, but was deposed by Malcolm's son Duncan II in May 1094; when Duncan II died on 12 Nov 1094 Donald II was restored to the throne as joint monarch with his nephew King Edmund, Donald ruling north of the Clyde and Edmund south of it; both were deposed in favour of King Edgar on Oct 1097
born
c. 1060
mar.
c. 1093 Ethelreda of Northumbria, 4th dau. of Gospatrick, Earl of Northumbria later 1st Earl of Dunbar (by an unknown lady), 1st son of Maldred, Lord of Allerdale (by his wife Edith of Northumbria, dau. of Uhtred, Earl of Northumbria, by his wife the Princess Elgiva, 2nd dau. by his first wife of Ethelred II "the Unready", King of England), younger brother of Duncan I, King of Scotland, and 2nd son of Crinan the Thane, Mormaer of Atholl, Abthane of Dule. Steward of the Western Isles and Lay Abbot of Dunkeld, by his wife the Princess Bethoc, 1st and possibly only dau. of Malcolm II, King of Scotland
only child
1. William FitzDuncan, jure uxoris Lord of Skipton and Craven (d. c. 1154), mar. 1138 as her third husband Alice FitzGerold, Lady of Skipton and Craven (mar. (1) William ....., and (2) Alexander FitzGerold), dau. of William le Meschin, Lord of Copeland, by his wife Cecilia de Rumely, Lady of Skipton and Craven, and had issue:
1a. William MacWilliam, Lord of Egremont (d. after 1155), mar. (1) his kinswoman Gruaidh of Moray, dau. of Aedh, Mormaer of Moray, by his wife, a dau. of Lulach "the Simple", King of Scotland, and (2) Octreda of Allerdale, dau. of Alan, Lord of Allerdale, and had issue by his first wife:
1b. Donald MacWilliam (d. 31 Jul 1187), mar., and had issue:
1c. Godfrey MacWilliam (d. 1213)
2c. Donald MacWilliam (d. 15 Jun 1215)
1c. a dau., mar. ..... MacEwan, and had issue
2b. Gospatrick MacWilliam, Lord of Airton, co. York (d. bef. 1208), mar., and had issue
1a. Cecilia, mar. William "le Gros", 3rd Earl of Aumale, and had issue
2a. Amabel, mar. Reginald de Lacy (d. 1179), and had issue
3a. Alice (d. 1215), mar. (1) Gilbert Pipard, and (2) Robert de Courtenay
died
12 Nov 1094
note
killed at the Battle of Monthechin and succeeded by the man he had deposed, Donald III
born
died
after Oct 1097
suc. by
brother
note
see note under King Donald III; became a monk at Montacute Abbey, co. Somerset
born
c. 1073
died
8 Jan 1107
suc. by
brother
note
Alexander I "the Fierce" (1107-1124)
born
c. 1077
mar.
c. 1107 Sybilla (b. c. 1092 ; d. 12 Jul 1122), illegitimate dau. of Henry I, King of England, by his mistress Sybilla Corbet
died
27 Apr 1124
suc. by
brother
note
David I "the Saint" (1124-1153)
born
c. 1080
mar.
c. 1113 Matilda of Huntingdon, suo jure Countess of Huntingdon and Northampton (b. c. 1074; widow of Simon de St Liz, jure uxoris Earl of Huntingdon and Northampton; d. before 22 Apr 1131), dau. of Waltheof, Earl of Huntingdon and Northampton, by his wife Judith of Lens, only child of Lambert of Boulogne, Count of Lens, by his wife Adeliza of Normandy, sister of William I, King of England, and dau. of Robert I, Duke of Normandy
children
1. Malcolm (b. after 1113; dvp. young)
2. Henry, Earl of Huntingdon from Feb 1136, cr. 1139 Earl of Northumberland (b. c. 1114/5; dvp. 12 Jun 1152), mar. 1139 Lady Ada de Warenne (d. 1178), dau. of William [de Warenne], 2nd Earl of Surrey, by his wife Isabella of Vermandois, dau. of Hugh "the Great", Count of Vermandois, and had issue:
1a. Malcolm, Earl of Huntingdon, later Malcolm IV, King of Scotland
2a. William, Earl of Huntingdon, later William I, King of Scotland
3a. David, Earl of Huntingdon, Northampton, etc., cr. c. 1180 Earl of Garioch and 1205 Earl of Cambridge and Earl of Lennox (b. c. 1150; d. 17 Jun 1219), mar. 26 Aug 1190 Lady Matilda de Meschines (b. 1171; d. 6 Jan 1233), dau. and heiress in her issue of Hugh "Kevelioc" [de Meschines], 3rd Earl of Chester, by his wife Bertrada de Montfort, dau. of Simon de Montfort, Count of Evreux, and had issue:
1b. Robert (d. young)
2b. John "the Scot", Earl of Huntingdon and Garioch, cr. 21 Nov 1232 Earl of Chester (b. c. 1207; d. before 6 Jun 1237), mar. c. 1221 Helen of Wales (mar. (2) 1237 Robert de Quincy; d. 1253), dau. of Llewelyn the Great, Prince of Wales, by his wife Joan, illegitimate dau. of John, King of England
3b. Henry (dvp. after 1215)
1b. Margaret (d. 1228), mar. 1209 as his second wife Alan, Lord of Galloway, Constable of Scotland (d. 1234), and had issue:
1c. Christian of Galloway (dsp. bef. 29 Jul 1246), mar. bef. Apr 1236 as his first wife William de Forz, de jure Count of Aumale and Lord of Holderness
2c. Devorguilla of Galloway, foundress of Balliol College, Oxford (d. 28 Jan 1290), mar. 1233 John de Balliol, of Barnard Castle, co. York (d. 1269), and had issue:
1d. Sir Hugh Balliol, of Barnard Castle, co. York (dsp. bef. 10 Apr 1271), mar. Agnes de Valence
2d. Alan Balliol, of Barnard Castle, co. York (dsp.)
3d. Sir Alexander Balliol, of Barnard Castle, co. York (dsp. bef. 13 Nov 1278), mar. Alianora of Geneva
4d. Sir John Balliol, later John, King of Scotland
1d. Cecilia Balliol (d. unm.)
2d. Ada Balliol, mar. 1266 William Lindsay, son of Walter Lindsay of Lambarton
3d. Alianora Balliol, mar. betw. 1279 and 1283 John Comyn of Badenoch, and had issue
2b. Isabella "the Scot" (b. 1206; d. c.1251), mar. Robert de Bruce, Lord of Annandale (d. 1245), and had issue:
1c. Robert de Bruce, Lord of Annandale, a Regent of Scotland 1255 and a Competitor for the Crown of Scotland 1255 (b. c. 1210; d. bef. 3 May 1294), mar. (1) 1240 Lady Isabella de Clare (b. 1226; d. bef. 1275), 3rd dau. of Gilbert [de Clare], 4th Earl of Gloucester, by his wife Lady Isabel Marshal, sister and in her issue cohrss. of Anselm [Marshal], 9th Earl of Pembroke, and 3rd dau. of William [Marshal], jure uxoris 4th Earl of Pembroke, and (2) bef. Nov 1275 Christiana de Gesemuth (widow of (1) Thomas Lascelles, and (2) Adam de Gesemuth; d. bef. Sep 1305), dau. of Sir William de Ireby, and had issue by his first wife:
1d. Robert de Bruce, Lord of Annandale, jure uxoris Earl of Carrick 1271-1292 (b. 1253; d. bef. 14 Jun 1304), mar. 1271 Margaret, suo jure Countess of Carrick (widow of Adam de Kilconquhar; d. bef. 27 Oct 1292), dau. and hrss. of Neil, 2nd Earl of Carrick, and had issue:
1e. Robert de Bruce, 4th Earl of Carrick, later Robert I, King of Scotland
2e. Edward de Bruce, 1st Earl of Carrick 1313 later King of Ireland 1316-1318, killed at the Battle of Dundalk (dsp. legit. 14 Oct 1318)
3e. Sir Thomas de Bruce, captured in Galloway and executed at Carlisle (d. 9 Feb 1307)
4e. Alexander de Bruce, Dean of Glasgow, captured and executed with his brother (d. 9 Feb 1307)
5e. Nigel de Bruce, captured at Kildrummie and executed at Berwick (d. Sep 1306)
1e. Lady Isabella de Bruce, mar. bef. 25 Sep 1293 as his second wife Eric II, King of Norway, and had issue
2e. Lady Mary de Bruce, mar. (1) c. 1312 as his third wife Sir Neil Campbell of Lochow (d. bef. 1316), and (2) 1316 Sir Alexander Fraser, Chamberlain of Scotland, and had issue by her first husband
3e. Lady Christian de Bruce (d. c. 1356), mar. (1) Gratney, 7th Earl of Mar, (2) Sir Christopher Seton,. and (3) Sir Andrew Moray of Bothwell, and had issue by her first husband
4e. Lady Matilda de Bruce, mar. Hugh, Earl of Ross ,and had issue
5e. Lady Margaret de Bruce, mar. Sir William de Carlyle
2d. William de Bruce, mar. Elizabeth de Sully, dau. and hrss. of Raymond de Sully
3d. Sir Bernard de Bruce, of Conington and Exton, co. Rutland, mar. (1) Alicia de Clare, and (2) Constance de Morleyn, and had issue
4d. Richard de Bruce (dvp. bef. 26 Jan 1287)
1c. Beatrice de Bruce, mar. Hugo de Neville
3b. Lady Matilda (d. unm.)
4b. Lady Ada (d. after 1241), mar. before 7 Jun 1237 Sir Henry de Hastings, of Ashill, co. Norfolk (d. bef. 9 Aug 1250), and had issue
1a. Ada (b. after 1139; d. after 1206), mar. 1162 Florence III, Count of Holland, and had issue
2a. Margaret, mar. (1) c. 1159 Conan IV, Duke of Brittany, and (2) before Easter 1175 Humphrey de Bohun, Constable of England (d. 1182), and had issue by both husbands
3a. Matilda (d. 1152)
1. Claricia (d. unm.)
2. Hodierna (d. unm.)
died
24 May 1153
suc. by
grandson
note
Prince of Cumbria 1107; styled Earl of Huntingdon in right of his wife and possibly also Earl of Northampton from c. 1113
Malcolm IV "the Maiden" (1153-1165)
born
20 Mar 1141/2
died
9 Dec 1165
suc. by
brother
note
William I "the Lion" (1165-1214)
born
c. 1142
mar.
5 Sep 1186 Ermengarde of Beaumont (d. 11 Feb 1233/4), dau. of Richard, Viscount of Beaumont-le-Maine, by his wife Constance, illegitimate dau. of Henry I, King of England
children
1. Alexander, later Alexander II, King of Scotland
1. Margaret (b. c. 1193; d. 1259), mar. 19 Jun 1221 Hubert [de Burgh], 1st Earl of Kent, and had issue
2. Isabella, mar. May 1225 Roger [Bigod], 4th Earl of Norfolk
3. Marjorie (dsp. 17 Nov 1244; bur. in the Church of the Preaching Friars), mar. 1 Aug 1235 Gilbert [Marshal], 7th Earl of Pembroke
died
4 Dec 1214
suc. by
son
note
suc. his father 12 Jun 1252 as Earl of Northumberland but surrendered the earldom in 1157
born
24 Aug 1198
mar. (1)
18 Jun 1221 the Princess Joan (b. 22 Jul 1210; dsp. 4 Mar 1238), 1st dau. of John, King of England, by his second wife Isabella of Angoulême, suo jure Countess of Angoulême, dau. of Aymer Taillefer, Count of Angoulême, by his wife Alice of Courteney, dau. of Peter of Courtenay (son of Louis VI, King of France)
mar. (2)
15 May 1239 Mary de Coucy (mar. (2) bef. 6 Jun 1257 John of Brienne, son of John, King of Jerusalem), dau. of Enguerrand III, Lord of Coucy, by his wife Mary, dau. of John, Lord of Montmirel-en-Brie
only child by second wife
1. Alexander, later Alexander III, King of Scotland
died
6 Jul 1249
suc. by
son
note
Alexander III "the Glorious" (1249-1286)
born
4 Sep 1241
mar. (1)
26 Dec 1251 the Princess Margaret (b. 29 Sep 1240; d. 26 Feb 1275), 1st dau. of Henry III, King of England, by his wife Eleanor of Provence, dau. of Raymond Berenger V, Count of Provence
children by first wife
1. Alexander (b. 21 Jan 1264; dsp. and vp. 17 Jan 1284), mar. 15 Nov 1282 Margaret of Flanders (mar. (2) c. 1290 Reginald I, Count of Gueldres; d. 1330), dau. of Guy of Dampierre, Count of Flanders
2. David (b. 20 Mar 1273; dvp. Jun 1281)
1. Margaret (b. 28 Feb 1261; d. 9 Apr 1283), mar. 31 Aug 1281 Eric II, King of Norway, and had issue:
1a. Margaret, later Margaret, Queen of Scotland
mar. (2)
1 Nov 1285 Yolande of Dreux (mar. (2) May 1294 Arthur II de Montfort, Duke of Brittany; d. 1323), dau. of Robert IV, Count of Dreux
died
16 Mar 1286
suc. by
granddaughter
note
Margaret "the Maid of Norway" (1286-1290)
born
before 9 Apr 1283
died
c. 26 Sep 1290
note
Queen Margaret died on board a ship whilst sailing from Norway to Scotland to claim the Throne
First Interregnum 1290-1292
The death of Queen Margaret left Scotland without a monarch, and at the mercy of Edward I of England. In 1290 began the contest for the throne between the 13 Competitors, Edward I, called upon to decide which had the most lawful claim to the Crown of Scotland, chose John Balliol as Scotland's next king.
son of John de Balliol, of Barnard Castle, co. York, by his wife Devorguilla of Galloway, 1st dau. and cohrss. of Alan, Lord of Galloway, by his second wife Margaret of Huntingdon, 3rd dau. of David of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon (by his wife Lady Matilda de Kevilloc, dau. of Hugh [de Kevilloc], Earl of Chester), brother of Malcolm IV and William I, Kings of Scotland, and 3rd son of Henry of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon (by his wife Lady Ada de Warenne, dau. of William [de Warenne], 2nd Earl of Surrey), son and heir ap. of David I, King of Scotland
born
c. 1240
mar.
bef. 7 Feb 1281 Lady Isabella de Warenne (b. 1253), dau. of John [de Warenne], 6th Earl of Surrey, by his wife Alice of La Marche, dau. of Hugh X de Lusignan, Count of La Marche, by his wife Isabella of Angoulême, suo jure Countess of Angoulême, widow of John, King of England
children
1. Edward, later Edward, King of Scotland
2. Henry (d. 16 Dec 1332)
1. Margaret (d. unm.)
died
betw. 4 Mar 1313 and 4 Jan 1314
note
created Lord of Bywell, co. Northampton, but forfeited this honour in 1285; elected King of Scotland by Edward I of England on 17 Nov 1292, thus bringing to an end the First Interregnum; abdicated 10 Jul 1296
Second Interregnum 1296-1306
The abdication of King John left Scotland once again without a monarch. In 1306 Robert Bruce seized the throne in defiance of Edward I, who had tried during the years it stood vacant to take it himself, and make Scotland a fief of England.
Robert I "the Bruce" (1306-1329)
1st son and heir of Robert de Brus, Lord of Annandale and jure uxoris Earl of Carrick (by his first wife Lady Margaret, suo jure Countess of Carrick, dau. of Neil, 2nd Earl of Carrick, by his wife Margaret Stewart, dau. of Walter Stewart, High Steward of Scotland), only child of Robert de Brus, Lord of Annandale (by his first wife Lady Isabella de Clare, 3rd dau. of Gilbert [de Clare], 4th Earl of Gloucester), only son and heir of Robert de Brus, Lord of Annandale, by his wife Isabella of Huntingdon, 2nd dau. of David of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon (by his wife Lady Matilda de Kevilloc, dau. of Hugh [de Kevilloc], Earl of Chester), brother of Malcolm IV and William I, Kings of Scotland, and 3rd son of Henry of Scotland, Earl of Huntingdon (by his wife Lady Ada de Warenne, dau. of William [de Warenne], 2nd Earl of Surrey), son and heir ap. of David I, King of Scotland
born
11 Jul 1274
mar. (1)
c. 1295 Lady Isabella of Mar (d. before 1302), 1st dau. of Donald, 6th Earl of Mar, by his wife Helen of Gwynedd (widow of Malcolm, 7th Earl of Fife), dau. of Llewellyn the Great, Prince of North Wales
only child by first wife
1. Marjorie (b. c. 1297; d. 2 Mar 1316), mar. 1315 as his second wife Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland (b. 1292; d. 9 Apr 1326/7), son of James Stewart, 5th High Steward of Scotland, by his wife Cecilia of Dunbar, dau. of Patrick, 7th Earl of Dunbar and March, and had issue:
1a. Robert Stewart, later 1st Earl of Atholl and 1st Earl of Strathearn later Robert II, King of Scotland
mar. (2)
c. 1302 Lady Elizabeth de Burgh (d. 26 Oct 1327), 2nd dau. of Richard [de Burgh], 2nd Earl of Ulster, by his wife Margaret de Burgh, dau. of Sir John de Burgh, of Lanvaley
children by second wife
1. David, Earl of Carrick, later David II, King of Scotland
2. John (b. Oct 1327; d. young)
1. Margaret (d. betw. 30 Mar 1346 and 9 Nov 1347), mar. bef. 28 Sep 1345 as his first wife William [Sutherland], 5th Earl of Sutherland, and had issue
2. Matilda (d. 20 Jul 1353), mar. Thomas Isaac, and had issue
died
7 Jun 1329
suc. by
son by second wife
note
suc. his father 27 Oct 1292 as Earl of Carrick and 1304 as Lord of Allendale
David II (1329-1332, 1332-1333 and 1336-1371)
born
5 Mar 1324
mar. (1)
17 Jul 1328 the Princess Joan (b. 5 Jul 1321; dsp. 7 Sep 1363), 2nd dau. of Edward II, King of England, by his wife Isabella of France, dau. of Philip IV, King of France
mar. (2)
Dec 1363 (div. c. 20 Mar 1370) Margaret Logie (widow of Sir John Logie; d. after 31 Jan 1375), dau. of Sir Malcolm Drummond by his wife ..... de Graham, dau. of Sir Patrick de Graham
died
s.p. 22 Feb 1371
suc. by
nephew
note
cr. Earl of Carrick betw. 17 Mar and 17 Jul 1328; overthrown by Edward Balliol in Aug 1332 at the Battle of Dupplin Moor. but restored to the throne the following December ; again deposed in 1333, and finally restored in 1336
born
died
betw. May 1363 and Sep 1365
note
claimed the throne of Scotland as his father's successor; defeated David II in Aug 1332 at the Battle of Dupplin Moor; deposed in favour of David II on 16 Dec 1332 and expelled from Scotland; restored to the throne in Mar 1333 and deposed again in 1334 and fled to England, yet was restored once more in 1335; he was finally deposed in 1336; he surrendered all claims to the Scottish throne 20 Jan 1356
Last updated 3 May 2007
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